三马致力于打造优质传动设备蜗轮蜗杆
Common problems and solutions of worm and worm gear
1. Common problems and their causes
1. worm gear reducer heating and leakage. In order to improve efficiency, non-ferrous metals are generally used as worm gears in worm gear reducers, and harder steel is used for worm gears. Because it is sliding friction drive, more heat will be produced in operation, so that the thermal expansion between the parts and seals of the reducer is different, thus forming a gap in each mating surface, lubricating oil is easy to cause leakage because of the temperature increase. There are four main reasons for this situation: first, the material collocation is unreasonable; second, the quality of the meshing friction surface is poor; third, the selection of lubricant additions is not correct; fourth, the assembly quality and poor use environment.
2. worm wheel wear. The worm gear is usually made of tin bronze. The matched worm material is hardened with 45 steel to HRC45~55, or hardened with 40Cr to HRC50~55, and then grinded to roughness Ra 0.8 micron by worm grinder. The reducer is worn very slowly during normal operation, and some reducer can be used for more than 10 years. If the wear rate is fast, it is necessary to consider whether the selection is correct, whether the operation is overloaded, and worm gear and worm material, assembly quality or the use of the environment and other reasons.
3. transmission small helical gear wear. Generally occurs on the vertical installation of reducer, mainly related to the amount of lubricating oil and oil varieties. Vertical installation, it is easy to cause insufficient lubricating oil, reducer stop running, the motor and reducer transmission gear oil loss, the gear can not get the proper lubrication protection. When the reducer starts, the gear can not be effectively lubricated, resulting in mechanical wear and even damage.
4. worm bearings are damaged. When a fault occurs, even if the gearbox is well sealed, it is often found that the gear oil in the gearbox is emulsified, bearing rust, corrosion, damage. This is because the gear oil temperature rises and cools after the gear reducer has been running for a period of time, and the condensate water is mixed with water. Of course, it is also closely related to the bearing quality and assembly process.
Two, solutions
1. ensure assembly quality. Buy or make some special tools, remove and install reducer parts, as far as possible to avoid hammer and other tools knocking; replace gears, worm wheels and worms, as far as possible to choose the original parts and pairs of replacement; assembly output shaft, pay attention to tolerance coordination; to use anti-adhesive or red Dan oil to protect the hollow shaft, to prevent grinding Rusting or scaling is difficult to remove during maintenance.
2. selection of lubricants and additives. The gear oil of 220# is generally selected for worm gear reducer. For heavy load, frequent start-up and poor environment reducer, some lubricant additives can be selected to make the gear oil still adhere to the gear surface when the reducer stops running, forming a protective film to prevent direct connection between heavy load, low speed, high torque and metal during start-up. Touch. The additives contain sealing ring regulator and anti-leakage agent, which can keep the sealing ring soft and elastic and effectively reduce the leakage of lubricating oil.
3. choose the location of reducer. In case of location, try not to use vertical installation as far as possible. Vertical installation, the amount of lubricating oil is much more than horizontal installation, easy to cause the reducer heating and oil leakage.
4. establish lubrication maintenance system. It can be maintained according to the principle of "Five Directions" in lubrication work, so that every reducer is regularly inspected by the responsible person. It is found that the temperature rises obviously, exceeding 40 degrees centigrade or the oil temperature exceeds 80 degrees centigrade, the quality of the oil drops or more copper powder is found in the oil, and abnormal noises are produced. It is necessary to stop using the reducer immediately and promptly. Troubleshooting, replacing lubricating oil. When refueling, pay attention to the amount of oil to ensure that the reducer is properly lubricated.
1. Common problems and their causes
1. worm gear reducer heating and leakage. In order to improve efficiency, non-ferrous metals are generally used as worm gears in worm gear reducers, and harder steel is used for worm gears. Because it is sliding friction drive, more heat will be produced in operation, so that the thermal expansion between the parts and seals of the reducer is different, thus forming a gap in each mating surface, lubricating oil is easy to cause leakage because of the temperature increase. There are four main reasons for this situation: first, the material collocation is unreasonable; second, the quality of the meshing friction surface is poor; third, the selection of lubricant additions is not correct; fourth, the assembly quality and poor use environment.
2. worm wheel wear. The worm gear is usually made of tin bronze. The matched worm material is hardened with 45 steel to HRC45~55, or hardened with 40Cr to HRC50~55, and then grinded to roughness Ra 0.8 micron by worm grinder. The reducer is worn very slowly during normal operation, and some reducer can be used for more than 10 years. If the wear rate is fast, it is necessary to consider whether the selection is correct, whether the operation is overloaded, and worm gear and worm material, assembly quality or the use of the environment and other reasons.
3. transmission small helical gear wear. Generally occurs on the vertical installation of reducer, mainly related to the amount of lubricating oil and oil varieties. Vertical installation, it is easy to cause insufficient lubricating oil, reducer stop running, the motor and reducer transmission gear oil loss, the gear can not get the proper lubrication protection. When the reducer starts, the gear can not be effectively lubricated, resulting in mechanical wear and even damage.
4. worm bearings are damaged. When a fault occurs, even if the gearbox is well sealed, it is often found that the gear oil in the gearbox is emulsified, bearing rust, corrosion, damage. This is because the gear oil temperature rises and cools after the gear reducer has been running for a period of time, and the condensate water is mixed with water. Of course, it is also closely related to the bearing quality and assembly process.
Two, solutions
1. ensure assembly quality. Buy or make some special tools, remove and install reducer parts, as far as possible to avoid hammer and other tools knocking; replace gears, worm wheels and worms, as far as possible to choose the original parts and pairs of replacement; assembly output shaft, pay attention to tolerance coordination; to use anti-adhesive or red Dan oil to protect the hollow shaft, to prevent grinding Rusting or scaling is difficult to remove during maintenance.
2. selection of lubricants and additives. The gear oil of 220# is generally selected for worm gear reducer. For heavy load, frequent start-up and poor environment reducer, some lubricant additives can be selected to make the gear oil still adhere to the gear surface when the reducer stops running, forming a protective film to prevent direct connection between heavy load, low speed, high torque and metal during start-up. Touch. The additives contain sealing ring regulator and anti-leakage agent, which can keep the sealing ring soft and elastic and effectively reduce the leakage of lubricating oil.
3. choose the location of reducer. In case of location, try not to use vertical installation as far as possible. Vertical installation, the amount of lubricating oil is much more than horizontal installation, easy to cause the reducer heating and oil leakage.
4. establish lubrication maintenance system. It can be maintained according to the principle of "Five Directions" in lubrication work, so that every reducer is regularly inspected by the responsible person. It is found that the temperature rises obviously, exceeding 40 degrees centigrade or the oil temperature exceeds 80 degrees centigrade, the quality of the oil drops or more copper powder is found in the oil, and abnormal noises are produced. It is necessary to stop using the reducer immediately and promptly. Troubleshooting, replacing lubricating oil. When refueling, pay attention to the amount of oil to ensure that the reducer is properly lubricated.
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